Take the prop off, and you should [hopefully] find markings to indicate diameter (Honda 40 has a 3.25" gearcase, so something less than 12" diameter, I'd guess), and pitch whole number, likely 8 to 15". It will probably be marked similar to "10.75 x 11" which means a 10-3/4" diameter with a 11" pitch.
Your prop will be determined by: the diameter and spline count of the prop shaft (Honda is 13 spline, I think), the clearance between the prop shaft centerline and the bottom of the anti-ventilation plate, and the pitch (selected by the max rpm your motor will turn it at WOT.)
Hope this helps;
jky
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