I am just bumping this because I have replaced the valve inserts on my Zodiac Futura and ruined the first set. Do not simply push the new insert into place and then screw it up tight: the reason that they are difficult to push into place is that you are forcing the diaphragm through a hole which is smaller than the diaphragm and causes pinching of its edges between the plunger disc and the hole, with the result that it deforms and doesn't seal properly. You either need to tuck the edges of the diaphragm in against the plunger in 4 places, so that it is smaller in diameter than the plunger (which just fits through the hole) or use a tool like the above which has slots long enough to allow the end of the tool to touch the diaphragm (through the plunger) and pucker it into a cone shape during insertion. I made one out of an old alu tent pole using an angle grinder but didn't have long enough slots the first time. Incidentally, it is impossible to remove the insert on my valve using the cap, as the only engagement between the 2 is via the o-ring seal on the cap, which I also replaced. You can easily make a tool for removing the outer valve body by cutting 12 shallow slots in the end of a silicone sealant tube or cartridge.
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